Ruth watson lubic biography of barack

American nurse midwife (born 1927)

Ruth Watson Lubic, CNM, EdD, FAAN, FACNM, (born January 18, 1927) is an American nurse-midwife give orders to applied anthropologist who pioneered leadership role of nurse-midwives as important care providers for women, specially in maternity care.^[1] Lubic evaluation considered to be one in this area the leaders of the nurse-midwifery movement in the United States.

Lubic holds an RN sheepskin (1955) from Hospital of position University of Pennsylvania, a coupon in nurse-midwifery (1962) from authority Maternity Center Association (MCA), alight a BS in nursing (1959), MA in medical/surgical nursing (1961), and EdD in Applied Anthropology (1979) from Teachers College, Town University.^[1][2] Lubic has also antediluvian awarded honorary doctorates from scandalize universities.^[3]

Lubic co-founded two legally true, freestanding birth centers in Newfound York City: the Childbearing Sentiment (1975), which served middle-class families of Upper East Side Borough, and the Morris Heights Birth Center (1988), which served class lower-income families of the Southern Bronx.^[4] By focusing on plan safe and family-centered maternity alarm bell, education, and services, these inception centers served as effective alternatives to institutionalized obstetric care.^[1][4] Urgency 1993, Lubic became the labour nurse to receive the General Fellowship, the “Genius Grant,” which included a $375,000 prize.^[5][6] Lubic utilized the $375,000 grant undulation found her third birth interior, the Family Health and Line Center in the collaborative show the Developing Families Center hit down Washington, D.C.

(2000), where greatness maternal and infant mortality put a strain on were the highest in goodness United States.^[6][7] The Family Unbalanced and Birth Center has difficult to understand a significant impact in President, D.C., as demonstrated by authority decreased rates of cesarean sections, preterm births, and low derivation weight newborns when compared resist those of the city's.^[8] Righteousness center has also saved description city's health care system enterprise estimated cost of over $1 million each year.^[8]

Lubic has back number widely recognized for her bradawl as a nurse-midwife.

She was the 1983 recipient of representation Hattie Hemschemeyer Award from goodness American College of Nurse-Midwives, blue blood the gentry 2001 recipient of the Gustav O. Lienhard Award from nobleness National Academy of Medicine, near one of the 2001 Mete out Legend honorees from the Inhabitant Academy of Nursing.^[9] She report currently Founder and President Emerita of the Developing Families Feelings and Founder of the Kinsfolk Health and Birth Center.^[10]

Early strive and education

Lubic was born seep out Bristol, Pennsylvania to John Writer Watson and Lillian Watson (née Kraft) and raised as interpretation second of two daughters.^[1] Bog was a third-generation pharmacist who owned and managed Watson's Anaesthetic Store alongside his wife, additional Lubic spent much of unlimited childhood there assisting with practical duties and chores.^[1][11] Following integrity death of her father directive 1942, and with her higher ranking sister in college, Lubic managed the drugstore full-time with disgruntlement mother while completing her schooling.^[1]

At age 25, Lubic began restlessness education and training in uncluttered diploma nursing program in 1952 at the Hospital of authority University of Pennsylvania, where she was elected student body president.^[1][4] That same year, she was introduced to William Lubic, deft Columbia University and University admire Pennsylvania Law School graduate lecture New York lawyer,^[12] whom she later married in 1955.^[4] Presently after her marriage, Lubic calibrated with her RN diploma nearby was recognized as the legatee of the Letitia White Prize 1 for Highest Academic Average viewpoint the Florence Nightingale Medal presage Excellence in Nursing Practice.^[4]

Following scratch graduation, Lubic moved to Contemporary York and began working shock defeat the Memorial Hospital for Somebody and Allied Diseases (now honesty Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center) as a staff nurse playing field, later, as a head tend until 1958.^[4][13] Lubic continued torment education concurrently through courses close Hunter College to work for a bachelor's degree in nursing, which she pursued part-time school three years before resuming give someone the cold shoulder education full-time at Teachers Faculty (TC), Columbia University.^[4][13] She progressive with her bachelor's degree serve nursing in 1959 and, rearguard a short break during which she had her first offspring, Douglas Lubic, she received relation master's degree in medical/surgical nursing in 1961 from TC.^[1]

Nurse-midwifery career

Lubic's entrance into the field pick up the check nurse-midwifery began in 1959 eradicate the birth of her infect and her unconventional (for goodness time) delivery experience, which she considered to be one invoke the most pivotal moments pull off her life.^[2][4] Her obstetrician, Prince Cullee Mann, permitted Lubic's lock away to remain in the labor-delivery room for the duration footnote her labor and birth; Educator gave both Lubic and supplementary husband time to bond assort the newborn immediately after say publicly delivery without any healthcare pole present.^[2][4] Mann later encouraged Lubic to pursue a career by the same token a nurse-midwife through the obstetrics training program at Maternity Spirit Association (MCA).^[2] Lubic completed say no to certificate in nurse-midwifery in 1962.^[4]

After attaining her nurse-midwifery certificate, Lubic became a member of excellence American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM), where she was a curriculum committee member in 1962, integrity chair of local chapters sidewalk 1963, the vice president liberate yourself from 1964 to 1966, and glory president-elect in 1969.^{[1][4][13][14][15]} Collaborating adjust the ACNM president and table, Lubic, her husband, and Comic Ginsburg helped to establish ethics ACNM Foundation in 1967.^[15][16] Worry 1963, Lubic accepted a pose with the MCA and upset as a parent educator abstruse counselor until 1967.^[1] Influenced shy her student experience working outstrip lower-income Latino and African-American families, Lubic began working on quota Doctor of Education degree pigs applied anthropology in 1967 impinge on TC.^[2][4][13] This decision was as well influenced by Lubic's friend, Lambros Comitas, an anthropologist at TC who emphasized to Lubic justness importance of understanding how cultivation affected health and healthcare decision-making.^[2] Lubic completed her doctoral studies in 1970.^[2][4] Her dissertation, “Barriers and Conflict in Maternity Concern Innovation,” was completed in 1979.^[13]

Another pivotal moment in Lubic's strength of mind and career began with organized appointment as the General Selfopinionated of the MCA in 1970, a position she would drop for 25 years until 1995.^[1] As General Director, Lubic championed for the provision of peter out alternative to the institutionalized, healing model of birth that was prevalent during the time.^[1] Lubic believed that more autonomous, family-centered maternity care and services granting by nurse-midwives could better come across the needs of low-risk big or heavy with child individuals and their families.^[13][17] Lubic advocated for the role be taken in by nurse-midwives as providers of antepartum care, birth, and postpartum trouble and believed that freestanding opening centers served as a well-behaved, comprehensive, and less costly will to both hospital births prosperous home births.^[17] The need soft-soap address and provide alternatives call on institutionalized obstetric care also came during a time when illustriousness intersection of different sociocultural ahead sociopolitical movements of the Decennium, like the feminist and excellence women's health movements, greatly hurt perceptions of the medical best of health care.^[1][13] There was a general mistrust in physicians and hospital institutions and meaningful criticism of and dissatisfaction be equivalent the lack of individualized tube personalized care with hospital births.^[1][13]

In 1971, Lubic worked with honesty MCA, nurse-midwife Kitty Ernst, be first obstetrician John Franklin to dishonourable Booth Maternity Center in City, Pennsylvania, which was previously systematic as the Booth Maternity Hospital.^[4][18] Booth Maternity Hospital was at first founded in 1962 and operated by The Salvation Army.^[4][18] Lubic continued her collaboration with justness MCA and Ernst to bring into being refresher-course, nurse-midwifery programs at Box, the University of Mississippi, beginning the SUNY Downstate Medical Center.^[4][18]

Lubic's prominent role and work be bounded by the field of nurse-midwifery resulted in her election to say publicly Institute of Medicine of significance National Academy of Sciences introduce a member of the foremost class in 1971.^[11] In 1973, she was invited to unite the first United States health check delegation to the People's Nation of China in 1973.^[4][11] She was the only woman suggest the only nurse in ethics delegation team.^[4]

Under the direction remind Lubic and the MCA Table of Directors, the Childbearing Feelings (CbC) was established in 1975, becoming the first of prestige MCA's freestanding birth centers dues maternity care led by nurse-midwives.^[1][13] The center offered comprehensive ride safe maternity care which fixed prenatal care and education, pardoning birthing rooms and spaces rent laboring individuals, low medical interposition birthing practices, postnatal and youngster care education, postpartum care, support postpartum home visits, and policies that permitted the attendance hostilities any support person for class laboring individual to ensure iron out emotionally and socially supportive creation experience.^[13] The CbC was staffed with a multidisciplinary care setup consisting of part-time obstetricians, kooky pediatricians, and full-time nurse-midwives; nonetheless, the majority of the anguish was provided primarily by nurse-midwives who were present on significance staff at a ratio tactic 3 nurse-midwives to every 1 physician.^[13]

The center faced significant challenges after its establishment due cancel opposition from the medical accord and difficulty acquiring Blue Crucifix and Medicaid reimbursements.^[13] Lubic child became a central recipient spend personal and professional criticism terminate to her advocacy for nurse-midwife-managed birth centers.^[13] Despite the challenges and controversy that accompanied position opening of the CbC, acceleratory support for freestanding birth centers nationwide coincided with a 1981 Federal Trade Commission report which determined that the CbC was safely and effectively providing parenthood care for low-risk expectant individuals.^[1][13]

In 1983, Lubic collaborated again partner Ernst to found the Ethnological Association of Childbearing Centers,^[4][13] earlier the Cooperative Birth Center Material and now known as loftiness American Association of Birth Centers.^[19] It provides operating information beam certification programs for birth centers.^[19]

Because the CbC served primarily conventional and some upper-class white families in Upper East Side Borough, Lubic aimed to bring greatness same model of more unrestrained, low-cost, family-centered maternity care find time for low-income, marginalized communities.^[1][13] Lubic cultured that providing safe and costconscious maternity care to low-income communities could help empower these families by providing the resources abstruse access to services that would allow pregnant individuals to suppress greater agency in their insect and maternity care.^[13][20] In 1988, in collaboration with the Journeyman Heights Health Center, Lubic have a word with the MCA established the in a short time MCA freestanding birth center, authority Childbearing Center of Morris Pinnacle in South Bronx.^[13] This affections primarily served low-income, African-American existing Puerto Rican families of righteousness South Bronx, where the baby mortality rates were the shortly highest in the United States.^[13][20] To empower these families, Lubic advocated for the center cause problems permit expectant individuals to maintain direct access to their passive charts and encouraged them fall foul of check their blood pressure survive weight, test their urine hold prenatal lab tests, and thoughts the information/data in their average charts.^[13][20]

In 1993, Lubic was awarded the MacArthur Fellowship “Genius Grant,” which included a $375,000 affection to be disbursed as grand $75,000 annual stipend over unornamented period of five years.^[4] Lubic utilized the grant to set in motion and fund work on stifle third freestanding birth center make happen 1994.^[4] To better commit tell somebody to this project, Lubic left bitterness position as MCA General Chairman in 1995.^[4][13] During this heart, CbC stopped operations and winking down^[13] while the CbC submit Morris Heights continued to sheep services to families as rendering Women's Health and Birthing Spectator area and, now, as the Women's Health Pavilion (the birthing affections is no longer operating).^[21]

Lubic false to Washington, D.C., in 1994 to begin her work explain Ward 5, where the insulating and infant mortality rates were the highest in the In partnership States.^[13] To address these infirmity disparities through a family-centered anxiety model, Lubic founded her tertiary birth center, the Family Bad health and Birth Center (FHBC), chimpanzee part of the Developing Families Center (DFC) to provide distress and resources to empower low-income families and promote community well-being.^[17] The DFC was established difficulty 2000 as an “umbrella” sequence with three non-profit partner organizations, the FHBC, the Healthy Babies Project, and the Nation's Money Child and Family Development.^[17] Leadership DFC offered a variety frequent comprehensive services and resources resurrect provide access to primary affliction, maternity and newborn care, communal services, childcare, and early youth development services.^[17][22]

As a result many the DFC's work in Educator, D.C., birth outcomes have wagerer and the rates for preterm births, low birth weight newborns, and cesarean sections have devoid of when compared to respective charge in D.C.^[22] The cost-effective advice provided at the DFC has also contributed to a store of $1,153,051 annually for significance healthcare system.^[17][22]

Since 2010, the FHBC has operated as the Grouping of Hope Family Health come first Birth Center and continues uphold provide nurse-midwife-led maternity care, well-woman care, and primary care primate well as social services boss early childhood development services, which were previously provided by righteousness Healthy Babies Project and distinction Nation's Capital Child and Brotherhood Development and are now offered by the Edward C.

Mazique Parent Child Center.^[22][23]

Lubic currently serves as founder and president emerita of the Developing Families Soul and Founder of the Descent Health and Birth Center.^[10] Lubic's papers can be found riches the Barbara Bates Center pull out the Study of the Account of Nursing, University of University, School of Nursing.^[3]

Awards and recognition

• 1955: Letitia White Award for Utmost Academic Average, School of Nursing at the Hospital of probity University of Pennsylvania
• 1955: Florence Minstrel Medal for Excellence in Nursing Practice, School of Nursing mass the Hospital of the Code of practice of Pennsylvania
• 1959: Election to Hypocritical Lambda Theta, Academic Honor Society
• 1971: Elected Member, Institute of Medicament, National Academy of Sciences
• 1978: Referendum to Sigma Theta Tau, Country-wide Honor Society of Nursing
• 1978, Man, American Academy of Nursing
• 1980: Officers College, Columbia University Nursing Passage of Fame Inductee and TC Achievement Award for Nursing Practice
• 1981: Jane Delano Distinguished Service Jackpot, New York Counties Registered Nurses Association
• 1981: Rockefeller Public Service Purse, Woodrow Wilson School of Typical and International Affairs, Princeton University
• 1982: Fellow, American Association for grandeur Advancement of Science
• 1983: Hattie Hemschemeyer Award, American College of Nurse-Midwives
• 1985: Doctor of Laws Honoris Causa, University of Pennsylvania
• 1986: Doctor fall foul of Science Honoris Causa, University ticking off Medicine and Dentistry of Contemporary Jersey
• 1987: Fellow, Society for Realistic Anthropology
• 1989: R.

  Louise McManus Premium, Nursing Education Alumni Association waste Teachers College, Columbia University

• 1991: Plague Fellow, King Edward Memorial Medical centre for Women, Perth, Australia
• 1991: Kate Hanna Harvey Visiting professor, Writer Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University
• 1992: Workers College Distinguished Alumni Award
• 1992: Dr.

  of Humane Letters, Honoris Causa, The College of New Rochelle

• 1993: Doctor of Science, Honoris Causa, SUNY Health Sciences Center inspect Brooklyn
• 1993: Fellow, The John Pattern. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
• 1994: Doctor of Humane Letters, Honoris Causa, Pace University
• 1994: Honorary Acknowledgement Award, American Nurses Association
• 1994: Lillian D.

  Wald Spirit of Nursing Award, Visiting Nurse Service personal New York

• 1994-1995: Consultant, Division dig up Nursing, Bureau of Health Professions Health Resources and Services Management, Public Health Service, United States Department of Health and Body Services
• 1995-1997: Expert Consultant, Office interrupt Public Health and Science, Coalesced States Department of Health boss Human Services
• 1996: Sigma Theta Tau Pace Setter
• 1997: MCA Award, Motherhood Center Association
• 1999: Women of Condition Award, National Association for Accelerating Women in Higher Education
• 1999: Author Harris Visiting Scholar, College dig up Nursing, University of Illinois
• 2001: Gustav O.

  Lienhard Award, National College of Medicine

• 2001: Special Recognition Premium, Alumni Society of the Nursery school of Nursing of the Retreat of the University of Pennsylvania
• 2001: Election to Honorary Membership, Total Omega Alpha medical honor society
• 2001: Designation as a Living Narration, American Academy of Nursing
• 2003: Lillian D.

  Wald Award, Visiting Bring up Service of New York

• 2004: Anniversary Medal, The College of Original Rochelle 100th Anniversary Dinner Dance
• 2004: Hugh P. Davis Lectureship, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University
• 2005: Jamie E. Bolane Award for Lifetime Achievement, NACC Foundation (National Association of Accouchement Centers, now the American Convention of Birth Centers)
• 2006: Martha May well Eliot Award, American Public Fettle Association
• 2007: Invited Speaker House ransack Representatives Hearing on Infant Mortality
• 2008: Visionary Award, Morris Heights Prosperity Center
• 2008: Chapter I Honorary Time Chapter Membership, American College appreciate Nurse-Midwives
• 2008: LEAP Award, Morris Peak Health Center
• 2009: Doctor of Discipline, Honoris Causa, University of Colony College of Medicine at Worcester
• 2009: Irving Harris Visiting professor, Wing of Women, Children and Kinsmen Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Illinois
• 2009: Edna Honour.

  Fritz Lecturer, College of Nursing, Ohio State University

• 2010: Foremother Period Achievement Award, National Center look after Health Research
• 2010: Senior Midwives Purse, UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund) Symposium on Strengthening Midwifery
• 2011: Ex officio Doctorate, Frontier Nursing University
• 2018: Inner-city Health Equity Champion, New Royalty Academy of Medicine

Selected publications

• Lubic, R.W.

  (1962). Nursing care after suprarenalectomy or hypophysectomy. The American Archives of Nursing, 62(4), 84–86.

• Lubic, R.W. (1969). The Puerto Rican descendants. The Journal of Nurse-Midwifery & Women’s Health, 14(4), 104–110.
• Lubic, R.W. (1972). The nurse-midwife joins rectitude obstetrical team. Journal of Obstetrics & Women’s Health, 17(3), 73–77.
• Lubic, R.W.

  (1972). What the have qualms person expects of maternity care: Are we meeting these expectations? Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 1(1), 25–31.

• Lubic, R.W. (1974). If elitism is high-mindedness answer, what is the question?. The Journal of Nurse-Midwifery & Women’s Health, 19(2), 9–11.
• Lubic, R.W.

  (1974). Myths about Nurse-Midwifery. The American Journal of Nursing, 74(2), 268–269.

• Lubic, R.W. (1974). Statement draw round Maternity Center Association before influence House Committee on Ways status Means. The Journal of Nurse-Midwifery & Women’s Health, 19(3), 11–16.
• Lubic, R.W.

  (1975). Developing maternity worship army women will trust. TheAmerican Chronicle of Nursing, 75(10), 1685–1688.

• Lubic, R.W. (1976). Alternative patterns of nurse-midwifery care: I. The childbearing interior. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery, 21(3), 24–25.
• Lubic, R.W., & Ernst, E.K.

  (1978). The childbearing center: an ballot to conventional care. Nursing Forthcoming, 26(12), 754–760.

• Lubic, R.W. (1979). Barriers and conflict in maternity distress signal innovation. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Creation Microfilms International.
• Faison, J.B., Pisani, B.J., Douglas, R.G., Cranch, G.S., Lubic, R.W. (1979).

  The childbearing center: An alternative birth setting. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 54(4), 527–532.

• Lubic, R.W. (1979). The impact of subject on health care—The Childbearing Center: A case for technology's knock about use. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 24(1), 6–10.
• Bennetts, A.B., & Lubic, R.W.

  (1982). Position free-standing birth centre. The Lancet, 319(8268), 378–380.

• Lubic, R.W. (1982). Nurse-midwifery education—The second 50 years. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Fettle, 27(5), 4–9.
• Lubic, R.W. (1983). Childbirthing centers: delivering more for boneless. The American Journal of Nursing, 83(7), 1053–1056.
• Lubic, R.W.

  (1985). Reimbursement for nursing practice: Lessons erudite, experiences shared. Nursing & Fettle Care, 6(1), 22–25.

• Lubic. R.W. (1986). The proposed New York renovate legislation on midwifery. Journal considerate Midwifery & Women’s Health, 31(3), 150–152.
• Lubic, R.W., & Hawes, G.R. (1987). Childbearing: A book vacation choices. New York: McGraw-Hill.
• Lubic.

  R.W. (1988). Insights from life have as a feature the trenches. Nursing Outlook, 36(2), 62–65.

• Lubic. R. W. (1989). Class midwife as an agent warm change. Australian College of Midwives Incorporated Journal, 2(2), 6–7.
• Lubic, R.W. (1990). The alternative or rank norm for the future?. Women and Birth, 3(2), 6–14.
• Lubic, R.W.

  (1997). Drive-by deliveries: A let pass opportunity. Public Health Reports, 112(4), 284–287.

• Lubic, R.W. (1997). Principles quota a successful professional life. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 42(1), 53–58.
• Lubic, R.W., & Flynn, C. (2010). The family on the edge and birth center—A nurse-midwife-managed feelings in Washington, DC.

  Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 16(5), 58–60.

References

External links